Indications
Cefadroxil is primarily indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of bacteria. This includes skin infections, urinary tract infections (UTIs), and infections of the ear, nose, and throat (ENT). The specific pathogens that cefadroxil targets include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, staphylococci, Streptococcus pyogenes (group A beta-hemolytic streptococci), Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella species, coagulase-negative staphylococci, and Streptococcus pyogenes.
Pharmacodynamics
As a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, cefadroxil demonstrates effective antibacterial activity. It is utilized in the management of urinary tract infections, skin and skin structure infections, as well as pharyngitis and tonsillitis. The antibiotic action of cefadroxil is primarily driven by its ability to inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis, ultimately leading to bacterial cell death.
Absorption
Cefadroxil is efficiently absorbed when administered orally, ensuring high bioavailability. A noteworthy aspect of its oral administration is that the presence of food does not hinder its absorption, allowing for flexible dosing in relation to meals. This characteristic facilitates patient compliance and optimizes therapeutic efficacy.
Mechanism of Action
Cefadroxil functions as a beta-lactam antibiotic by specifically binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) situated within the bacterial cell wall. This interaction disrupts the crucial final stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. As a result, the integrity of the cell wall is compromised, leading to cell lysis. This process is facilitated by the bacterium's own autolytic enzymes, including autolysins. It is also possible that cefadroxil may interfere with inhibitors of these autolytic enzymes, thereby enhancing its bactericidal effect.
