Indications
Oxaprozin is primarily indicated for the relief of inflammation, swelling, stiffness, and joint pain associated with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Its therapeutic effects make it an effective option for patients suffering from these chronic conditions, aiming to improve overall joint function and quality of life.
Pharmacodynamics
Classified as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), oxaprozin exhibits analgesic and antipyretic properties. It is utilized in the management of conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and dysmenorrhea, and helps in alleviating moderate pain. The drug works by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2), leading to decreased formation of prostaglandins, which are mediators of inflammation and pain.
Absorption
Following oral administration, oxaprozin is 95% absorbed, attesting to its high bioavailability. While food intake may slow down the rate at which oxaprozin is absorbed, it does not alter the overall extent of its absorption. Additionally, the presence of antacids has no significant effect on either the rate or extent of oxaprozin absorption, allowing for consistent therapeutic levels in the body.
Metabolism
Oxaprozin undergoes hepatic metabolism, where it is converted into major conjugated metabolites, namely ester and ether glucuronides. These metabolites lack significant pharmacologic activity. The hepatic processing of oxaprozin underscores the importance of monitoring liver function in patients receiving long-term therapy with this medication.
Mechanism of Action
Oxaprozin functions as a non-selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), primarily exerting its anti-inflammatory effects through the inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) activity in platelets. This inhibition subsequently disrupts the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are mediators of inflammation. Furthermore, its antipyretic properties may be attributed to its action on the hypothalamus, which enhances peripheral blood flow and induces vasodilation, leading to effective heat dissipation. In cellular assays, oxaprozin demonstrates lower selectivity for COX-2 compared to COX-1, indicating a preference for COX-1 inhibition.
