Indications
Carboplatin is indicated for use in combination with other established chemotherapeutic agents for the initial management of advanced ovarian carcinoma. Additionally, it is utilized for the palliative treatment of ovarian carcinoma cases that have recurred following·hemotherapy.
Pharmacodynamics
As an organoplatinum antineoplastic alkylating·he management of advanced ovarian carcinoma. It exhibits a prolong·herapeutic index. It is crucial to counsel patients about potential adverse effects, including·he pharmacokinetic profile of carboplatin demonstrates that its maximum concentration (Cmax) and the area under the curve (AUC) increase proportionally with dose escalation. For a 75 mg/m² dose, the Cmax is calculated at 9.06 ± 0.74 µg/mL, with an AUC of 27.18 ± 11.28 h*µg/mL. In contrast, a 450 mg/m² dose achieves a Cmax of 55.39 ± 18.30 µg/mL and an AUC of 224.41 ± 69.07 h*µg/mL.
Metabolism
Carboplatin is primarily eliminated from the body as unchanged parent compound, indicating limited metabolic transformation.
Mechanism of Action
Carboplatin functions primarily by forming covalent bonds with nucleotides, resulting in monoadducts. This interaction causes DNA fragmentation when cellular repair mechanisms attempt to resolve these modifications. A minor portion, approximately 2%, of carboplatin's action derives from its ability to cross-link DNA strands, linking a base on one strand to a base on another. This cross-linking inhibits the separation of DNA strands, thereby interfering with critical processes such as DNA synthesis and transcription. Furthermore, carboplatin is capable of introducing a variety of mutations into the DNA.
